Bottleneck effects on the bidirectional crowd dynamics |
Pedestrian flow dynamics in the cases 1 and 2. (a) The snapshot of pedestrian flow at 180 s in the case 1. (b) Trajectory of pedestrian flow at 200 s in the case 1. (c) The snapshot of pedestrian flow at 180 s in the case 2. (d) Trajectory of pedestrian flow at 200 s in the case 2. (e) The number of the leaving pedestrians in the case 1. (f) The number of the leaving pedestrians in the case 2. |