Ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery of fluorescent nanoparticles and hyaluronic acid into porcine skin <italic>in vitro</italic>

Ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery of fluorescent nanoparticles and hyaluronic acid into porcine skin in vitro

Wang Huan-Lei^{1, 2}, Fan Peng-Fei¹, Guo Xia-Sheng¹, Tu Juan^{1, †,}, Ma Yong^{3, ‡,}, Zhang Dong¹

HA penetration amount, indicated by UV absorbance, in skin samples treated under three conditions (viz., control sample untreated with ultrasound, skin sample exposed to ultrasound alone and skin sample treated by the combination of ultrasound and UCA). The ultrasound worked at a frequency of 643.5 kHz, a pressure amplitude of 100 kPa.