Microscale vortex laser with controlled topological charge
Wang Xing-Yuan1, Chen Hua-Zhou1, Li Ying1, Li Bo1, Ma Ren-Min1, 2, †,
       

Different orders of optical vortex generation on demand. (a)–(d) A Vortex laser with the first order of orbital angular momentum optical vortex emission, where the magnetic field intensity distributions inside the laser cavity (a), and |H| (b), Hr (c), and arg (Hr) (d) at 4 μm above the lase cavity are depicted. (e)–(h) A Vortex laser with the second order of orbital angular momentum optical vortex emission, where the magnetic field intensity distributions inside the laser cavity (e), and |H| (f), Hr (g), and arg (Hr) (h) at 4 μm above the lase cavity are depicted. (i)–(l) A Vortex laser with the third order of orbital angular momentum optical vortex emission, where the magnetic field intensity distributions inside the laser cavity (i), and |H| (j), Hr (k), and arg (Hr) (l) at 4 μm above the lase cavity are depicted. All systems have the same index modulation (ΔnR = ΔnI = 0.01).