Fang Chen 1, †, ![](http://cpb.iphy.ac.cn/html_resources/images/REemail.gif) , Weng Hongming 1, 2, ‡, ![](http://cpb.iphy.ac.cn/html_resources/images/REemail.gif) , Dai Xi 1, 2, Fang Zhong 1, 2
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Manifolds of different dimensions (S0, S1, and S2) that enclose a nodal line. (a) Two points (S0) inside and outside the nodal line pinned to (protected by) a mirror plane; (b) a loop (S1) that threads the nodal line; and (c) a sphere (S2) surrounding the entire nodal line.[28] |