Effect of Ar ion irradiation on the room temperature ferromagnetism of undoped and Cu-doped rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> single crystals

Effect of Ar ion irradiation on the room temperature ferromagnetism of undoped and Cu-doped rutile TiO₂ single crystals

Xu Nan-Nan¹, Li Gong-Ping^{1, 2, †,}, Lin Qiao-Lu¹, Liu Huan¹, Bao Liang-Man³

Typical TEM cross-sectional images taken from (a) pure TiO₂ SC, (b) Ar ion irradiated TiO₂ SC, (c) Cu ion implanted TiO₂ SC, and (d) Ar ion post-irradiated Cu-doped TiO₂ SC. The encircled portion denotes the spongelike layer.