Manipulating magnetic anisotropies of Co/MgO(001) ultrathin films via oblique deposition

Sheraz Ahmad Syed, He Wei, Tang Jin, Sheng Zhang Yong, Hu Bo, Ye Jun, Gul Qeemat, Zhang Xiang-Qun, Cheng Zhao-Hua^†,

The normalized magnetic torque curves of Co thin films on MgO (001) substrates at different deposition angles with respect to the surface normal. (a) 0°, (b) 30°, (c) 45°, (d) 60°, and (e) 75°.