Characteristics and generation of elastic turbulence in a three-dimensional parallel plate channel using direct numerical simulation

Zhang Hong-Na¹, Li Feng-Chen¹, Li Xiao-Bin^{1, †,}, Li Dong-Yang¹, Cai Wei-Hua^{1, ‡,}, Yu Bo²

Averaged local velocity gradient |〈du/dy〉| at different Wi: (a) |〈tr(C)〉|; (b) |〈C_xy〉|; (c) |〈C_yy〉|; (d) |〈C_zz〉|; (e) |〈C_xx〉|/|〈C_yy〉|; (f) |〈C_xx〉|/|〈C_xy〉|.