High signal-to-noise ratio sensing with Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor based on auto gain control of electron multiplying CCD

Zhu Zhao-Yi^{1, 2}, Li Da-Yu¹, Hu Li-Fa¹, Mu Quan-Quan¹, Yang Cheng-Liang¹, Cao Zhao-Liang¹, Xuan Li^{1, †,}

The control value and the maximum change without auto-gain-control, measured at G = 1.