Effect of a force-free end on the mechanical property of a biopolymer

Effect of a force-free end on the mechanical property of a biopolymer — A path integral approach

Zhou Zicong^{1, †,}, Joós Béla²

〈cosϕ_f〉² + 〈sinϕ_f〉² versus F for a filament when κ = 6, c = 0.5 (solid-circle); κ = 2, c = 0.2 (empty-circle); and κ = 20, c = 0.1 (solid-square). N_f = 300 in all cases. Reduced units are used.