Direct observation of <italic>λ</italic>-DNA molecule reversal movement within microfluidic channels under electric field with single molecule imaging technique

Direct observation of λ-DNA molecule reversal movement within microfluidic channels under electric field with single molecule imaging technique

Yang Fengyun¹, Wang Kaige^{1, †,}, Sun Dan¹, Zhao Wei^{1, 2}, Wang Hai-qing¹, He Xin¹, Wang Gui-ren², Bai Jin-tao¹

DNA molecules translocate in the microchannel of 10 μm inner diameter with different electric field intensities. (a) E = 4.0×10³ V/m, (b) E = 5.3×10³ V/m, (c) E = 6.67×10³ V/m, the DNA molecules in panels (a), (b), and (c) move along the opposite direction to the electric field (the white arrow is the direction panels of electric field).