A-site ordered quadruple perovskite oxides
Long Youwen1, 2, †,
       

Poling procedure dependence of electric behaviors below TMn. (a) Temperature dependence of pyroelectric current Ip by+ poled and –poled under 200–75 K and 75–30 K poling conditions. Temperature dependence of (b) Ip and (c) the difference of polarization δP (= P(T)-P(50 K)) after being+ poled from 200 K down to the selected temperatures. The δP is obtained by integration of Ip in panel (b) as a function of time. As shown in panel (b), a dip-peak feature is observed when E passes through both 180 K and TMn, whereas only a single dip is observed when E is turned off at temperatures higher than TMn. Therefore, the dip in Ip at TMn must be contributed by the FE2 phase, and the peak in Ip at TMn originates from the FE1 phase. The corresponding negative δ P indicates that electric polarization of the FE2 phase decreases in magnitude below TMn.