The 650-nm variable optical attenuator based on polymer/silica hybrid waveguide

Yu Yue-Yang¹, Sun Xiao-Qiang^{1, 2, †,}, Ji Lan-Ting¹, He Guo-Bing¹, Wang Xi-Bin^{1, 2}, Yi Yun-Ji^{1, 2}, Chen Chang-Ming^{1, 2}, Wang Fei^{1, 2}, Zhang Da-Ming^{1, 2}

Relationship between the core thickness b and effective refractive index N_eff of the rib waveguide with a = b and h = 0.8b. The inset shows the fundamental optical mode profile calculated by the beam propagation method.