Planar waveguides in neodymium-doped calcium niobium gallium garnet crystals produced by proton implantation
Liu Chun-Xiao1, †, 
, Chen Meng1, Fu Li-Li2, Zheng Rui-Lin1, Guo Hai-Tao3, Zhou Zhi-Guang3, Li Wei-Nan3, Lin She-Bao4, Wei Wei1, ‡,
, Chen Meng1, Fu Li-Li2, Zheng Rui-Lin1, Guo Hai-Tao3, Zhou Zhi-Guang3, Li Wei-Nan3, Lin She-Bao4, Wei Wei1, ‡, Refractive index profile of the waveguide (solid curve) and refractive index of the substrate (dashed line).
