Effect of fluence and ambient environment on the surface and structural modification of femtosecond laser irradiated Ti
Umm-i-Kalsoom 1, 2, 3, †, 
, Bashir Shazia2, Ali Nisar1, 2, 4, Shahid Rafique M5, Husinsky Wolfgang1, Nathala Chandra S R1, Makarov Sergey V6, Begum Narjis7
, Bashir Shazia2, Ali Nisar1, 2, 4, Shahid Rafique M5, Husinsky Wolfgang1, Nathala Chandra S R1, Makarov Sergey V6, Begum Narjis7 X-ray diffractograms of pristine and laser-irradiated Ti exposed to various fluences of 0.86, 1.13, 2.47, and 4.37 J·cm−2under vacuum (10−3mbar) conditions.
