Comparison of absorption–dispersion and optical bistability behaviors between open and closed four-level tripod atomic systems
Karimi R., Asadpour S. H.†, Batebi S., Rahimpour Soleimani H.
       
Output intensity versus input intensity for different values of θ for (a) closed system (b) open system with cavity parameter J 1 = J 2 = J 3 = 0.1 γ , (c)  J 1 = 0.1 γ , J 2 = J 3 = 0.2 γ when Δ p = 1.5 γ . The other parameters are the same as those in Fig.  2 .