A review of the growth and structures of silicene on Ag (111)
Wu Ke-Hui†a),b)
       
(a) A large area STM image of hydrogenated α -4 × 4 silicene surface showing an ordered 4 × 4 structure. (b) Zoom-in STM image of hydrogenated α -4 × 4 phase. The white rhombus marks an apparent unit cell of the structure. There are six bright protrusions in one HUC and one protrusion in the other HUC. (c) STM image showing the comparison between the position of apparent UCs of clean and hydrogenated α -4 × 4. The red and white rhombus correspond to clean α -4 × 4 UC and the hydrogenated α -4 × 4 UC, respectively. A translation of the white UC (dot line) does not match with the red one. (d) The clean α -4 × 4 surface is fully recovered after annealing the surface at 450 K (adapted from Ref. [ 46 ]).