Direct numerical simulation of viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluid turbulent channel flow with heat transfer

Yang Juan-Cheng^a),^b), Li Feng-Chen†^a), Cai Wei-Hua^a), Zhang Hong-Na^a), Yu Bo^c)

Comparisons of mean temperature difference between the present DNS data and previous data:^{[ 51 ]} (a) Pr = 5.0, Re _τ = 180 and (b) Pr = 5.0, Re _τ = 395.