Compensating for excess micromotion of ion crystals*
Du Li-Juna),b),c), Chen Tinga),b),c), Song Hong-Fanga),b),c), Chen Shao-Longa),b),c), Li Hai-Xiaa),b),c), Huang Yaoa),b), Tong Xina),b), Gao Ke-Lina),b), Guan Hua†a),b)
       
Reduced level scheme for 40Ca atoms (a) and for Doppler cooling of 40Ca+ with wavelengths and partial decay rates for the dipole allowed transitions (b). Schematics of the laser, light emitting diode, and linear Paul trap setup (c).