Quantitative calculations of polarizations arising from the symmetric and antisymmetric exchange strictions in Tm-doped GdMnO<sub>3</sub><xref ref-type="fn" rid="cpb142212fn1">*</xref>

Quantitative calculations of polarizations arising from the symmetric and antisymmetric exchange strictions in Tm-doped GdMnO₃*

Qin Ming-Hui^a)†, Lin Lin^b), Li Lin^b), Jia Xing-Tao^c), Liu Jun-Ming^b)‡

(a) Crystal structure and spin-exchange interactions in orthorhombically distorted R MnO₃ ( ab -plane). (b) The experimentally obtained P – x data of polycrystalline Gd_{1 − x}Tm_xMnO₃ at T =2 K. The polarization data are multiplied by 15 to give a reasonable estimation of P for single crystalline specimens.