Start-up phase plasma discharge design of a tokamak via control parameterization method<xref ref-type="fn" rid="cpb142247fn1">*</xref>

Start-up phase plasma discharge design of a tokamak via control parameterization method*

Guo Shan^a), Xu Ke^a), Xu Chao^b)†, Ren Zhi-Gang^b), Xiao Bing-Jia^c)

Optimization results of piecewise-constant loop voltage. (a) Optimation without gradient, (b) optimation with gradient in variational method, (c) optimation with gradient in costate method.