Theoretical analysis of transcranial Hall-effect stimulation based on passive cable model
Yuan Yi†a), Li Xiao-Li‡b),c)
       
Schematic diagram of ultrasonically-induced electric field in a static magnetic field (SMF) in a nerve fiber. (Left) The action of focused ultrasonic wave oscillates charged ions along the y axis. A static magnetic field is perpendicular to the movement direction of the charged ions. (Middle) Lorentz force generated on ions due to the interaction of the ultrasound and magnetic fields. (Right) The Lorentz force moves the positive and negative ions in opposite directions and subsequently, forms an electric field between the ions. US: ultrasound, SMF: static magnetic field, PI: positive ion, NI: negative ion, LF: Lorentz force, EF: electric field.