The ac Stark shifts of the terahertz clock transitions of barium
Yu Geng-Hua†a), Geng Ying-Gea), Li Longa), Zhou Chaoa), Duan Cheng-Bob), Chai Rui-Penga), Yang Yong-Minga)
       
Simplified energy level diagram of barium and some possible transitions between the metastable states and the higher atomic states.