中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 77106-077106.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/addcc5

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Momentum-dependent anisotropy of the charge density wave gap in quasi-1D ZrTe3-xSex (x = 0.015)

Renjie Zhang(张任杰)1,2,†, Yudong Hu(胡裕栋)3,†, Yiwei Cheng(程以伟)4,3,†, Yigui Zhong(钟益桂)5, Xuezhi Chen(陈学智)4,3, Junqin Li(李俊琴)4, Kozo Okazaki5, Yaobo Huang(黄耀波)4, Tian Shang(商恬)6, Shifeng Jin(金士锋)1,2, Baiqing Lv(吕佰晴)9,3,7,8,‡, and Hong Ding(丁洪)3,10,11   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    4 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
    5 The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan;
    6 Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    7 School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    8 Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    9 Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China;
    10 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China;
    11 New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai 201210, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-25 修回日期:2025-05-21 接受日期:2025-05-23 出版日期:2025-06-18 发布日期:2025-07-03
  • 通讯作者: Baiqing Lv E-mail:baiqing@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    B. L. acknowledges support from the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFA1407400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12374063), the Shanghai Natural Science Fund for Original Exploration Program (Grant No. 23ZR1479900), and the Cultivation Project of Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences (Grant No. LZPY2024). H. D. acknowledges support from the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302700), the New Cornerstone Science Foundation (Grant No. 23H010801236), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12488101). We acknowledge the technical support provided by the BL09U (31124.02.SSRF.BL09U) beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) for conducting the ARPES measurements.

Momentum-dependent anisotropy of the charge density wave gap in quasi-1D ZrTe3-xSex (x = 0.015)

Renjie Zhang(张任杰)1,2,†, Yudong Hu(胡裕栋)3,†, Yiwei Cheng(程以伟)4,3,†, Yigui Zhong(钟益桂)5, Xuezhi Chen(陈学智)4,3, Junqin Li(李俊琴)4, Kozo Okazaki5, Yaobo Huang(黄耀波)4, Tian Shang(商恬)6, Shifeng Jin(金士锋)1,2, Baiqing Lv(吕佰晴)9,3,7,8,‡, and Hong Ding(丁洪)3,10,11   

  1. 1 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3 Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    4 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
    5 The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan;
    6 Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    7 School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    8 Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    9 Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China;
    10 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China;
    11 New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai 201210, China
  • Received:2025-04-25 Revised:2025-05-21 Accepted:2025-05-23 Online:2025-06-18 Published:2025-07-03
  • Contact: Baiqing Lv E-mail:baiqing@sjtu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    B. L. acknowledges support from the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFA1407400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12374063), the Shanghai Natural Science Fund for Original Exploration Program (Grant No. 23ZR1479900), and the Cultivation Project of Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences (Grant No. LZPY2024). H. D. acknowledges support from the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302700), the New Cornerstone Science Foundation (Grant No. 23H010801236), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12488101). We acknowledge the technical support provided by the BL09U (31124.02.SSRF.BL09U) beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) for conducting the ARPES measurements.

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摘要： The charge density wave (CDW) state is a ubiquitous ordered phase in condensed matter systems, characterized by a periodic modulation of the electronic charge density. In many CDW materials, superconductivity (SC) emerges in close proximity to, or coexists with, the CDW phase, offering a valuable platform to explore the interplay between these two competing orders. The ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_x$ family provides an ideal system for investigating this interplay, as both CDW-dominated and superconductivity-dominated end members have been well studied, while the intermediate compositions remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employ high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to systematically investigate the band structure and CDW gap in Se-doped ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ ($x= 0.015$), a prototypical system exhibiting the coexistence of CDW and superconductivity phases. Detailed analysis of the band structure across the Brillouin zone reveals highly momentum-dependent, anisotropic CDW gaps. Quasi-2D Fermi surface centered at $\bar{\varGamma }$ exhibits the absence of CDW gap, while on quasi-1D Fermi surface along the Brillouin zone boundary, there is also a highly anisotropic distribution of CDW gap. The gap is zero at $\bar{B}$, while reaching its maximum at a nesting vector consistent with the bulk CDW modulation. These results provide direct evidence that quasi-1D Fermi surface nesting is the primary driving force behind CDW formation in this compound. Notably, our measurements reveal a strongly suppressed density of state around $E_{\rm F}$ even out of CDW gap and absence of band folding induced by Fermi surface nesting. This observation suggests that selenium doping enhances fluctuations of the CDW order parameter, thereby weakening the long-range CDW coherence. Such enhanced fluctuations are likely to facilitate SC pairing, contributing to the observed increase in the SC transition temperature of the doped samples. Our findings not only provide comprehensive understanding of the CDW state in the ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ family but also demonstrate that chemical doping provides an effective route to tune the competition between CDW and superconductivity.

关键词: charge density wave, superconductivity, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, ZeTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$

Abstract: The charge density wave (CDW) state is a ubiquitous ordered phase in condensed matter systems, characterized by a periodic modulation of the electronic charge density. In many CDW materials, superconductivity (SC) emerges in close proximity to, or coexists with, the CDW phase, offering a valuable platform to explore the interplay between these two competing orders. The ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_x$ family provides an ideal system for investigating this interplay, as both CDW-dominated and superconductivity-dominated end members have been well studied, while the intermediate compositions remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employ high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to systematically investigate the band structure and CDW gap in Se-doped ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ ($x= 0.015$), a prototypical system exhibiting the coexistence of CDW and superconductivity phases. Detailed analysis of the band structure across the Brillouin zone reveals highly momentum-dependent, anisotropic CDW gaps. Quasi-2D Fermi surface centered at $\bar{\varGamma }$ exhibits the absence of CDW gap, while on quasi-1D Fermi surface along the Brillouin zone boundary, there is also a highly anisotropic distribution of CDW gap. The gap is zero at $\bar{B}$, while reaching its maximum at a nesting vector consistent with the bulk CDW modulation. These results provide direct evidence that quasi-1D Fermi surface nesting is the primary driving force behind CDW formation in this compound. Notably, our measurements reveal a strongly suppressed density of state around $E_{\rm F}$ even out of CDW gap and absence of band folding induced by Fermi surface nesting. This observation suggests that selenium doping enhances fluctuations of the CDW order parameter, thereby weakening the long-range CDW coherence. Such enhanced fluctuations are likely to facilitate SC pairing, contributing to the observed increase in the SC transition temperature of the doped samples. Our findings not only provide comprehensive understanding of the CDW state in the ZrTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$ family but also demonstrate that chemical doping provides an effective route to tune the competition between CDW and superconductivity.

Key words: charge density wave, superconductivity, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, ZeTe$_{3-x}$Se$_{x}$

中图分类号:  (Charge-density-wave systems)

  • 71.45.Lr
79.60.-i (Photoemission and photoelectron spectra) 71.55.-i (Impurity and defect levels) 71.20.-b (Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids)