中国物理B ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 28901-028901.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1173

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An extended social force model on unidirectional flow considering psychological and behavioral impacts of hazard source

Kaifeng Deng(邓凯丰)1,†, Meng Li(李梦)1,†, Xiangmin Hu(胡祥敏)1, and Tao Chen(陈涛)1,2,3,‡   

  1. 1 Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    2 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Human Safety, Hefei 230601, China;
    3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Emergency Response Science, Beijing 100084, China
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-08 修回日期:2023-11-03 接受日期:2023-12-01 出版日期:2024-01-16 发布日期:2024-01-19
  • 通讯作者: Tao Chen E-mail:chentao.a@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFC3320800 and 2021YFC1523500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71971126, 71673163, 72304165, 72204136, and 72104123).

An extended social force model on unidirectional flow considering psychological and behavioral impacts of hazard source

Kaifeng Deng(邓凯丰)1,†, Meng Li(李梦)1,†, Xiangmin Hu(胡祥敏)1, and Tao Chen(陈涛)1,2,3,‡   

  1. 1 Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    2 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Human Safety, Hefei 230601, China;
    3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Emergency Response Science, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2023-09-08 Revised:2023-11-03 Accepted:2023-12-01 Online:2024-01-16 Published:2024-01-19
  • Contact: Tao Chen E-mail:chentao.a@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFC3320800 and 2021YFC1523500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71971126, 71673163, 72304165, 72204136, and 72104123).

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摘要： An accurate assessment of the evacuation efficiency in case of disasters is of vital importance to the safety design of buildings and street blocks. Hazard sources not only physically but psychologically affect the pedestrians, which may further alter their behavioral patterns. This effect is especially significant in narrow spaces, such as corridors and alleys. This study aims to integrate a non-spreading hazard source into the social force model following the results from a previous experiment and simulation, and to simulate unidirectional pedestrian flows over various crowd densities and clarity-intensity properties of the hazard source. The integration include a virtual repulsion force from the hazard source and a decay on the social force term. The simulations reveal (i) that the hazard source creates virtual bottlenecks that suppress the flow, (ii) that the inter-pedestrian push forms a stabilisation phase on the flow-density curve within medium-to-high densities, and (iii) that the pedestrians are prone to a less orderly and stable pattern of movement in low clarity-intensity scenarios, possibly with lateral collisions passing the hazard source.

关键词: evacuation, social force model, hazard source, unidirectional pedestrian flow

Abstract: An accurate assessment of the evacuation efficiency in case of disasters is of vital importance to the safety design of buildings and street blocks. Hazard sources not only physically but psychologically affect the pedestrians, which may further alter their behavioral patterns. This effect is especially significant in narrow spaces, such as corridors and alleys. This study aims to integrate a non-spreading hazard source into the social force model following the results from a previous experiment and simulation, and to simulate unidirectional pedestrian flows over various crowd densities and clarity-intensity properties of the hazard source. The integration include a virtual repulsion force from the hazard source and a decay on the social force term. The simulations reveal (i) that the hazard source creates virtual bottlenecks that suppress the flow, (ii) that the inter-pedestrian push forms a stabilisation phase on the flow-density curve within medium-to-high densities, and (iii) that the pedestrians are prone to a less orderly and stable pattern of movement in low clarity-intensity scenarios, possibly with lateral collisions passing the hazard source.

Key words: evacuation, social force model, hazard source, unidirectional pedestrian flow

中图分类号:  (Interdisciplinary applications of physics)

  • 89.20.-a
89.40.-a (Transportation)