Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe2, TiSe2, and TiS2

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac306a

中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 37103-037103.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac306a

Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe₂, TiSe₂, and TiS₂

Xiao-Fang Tang(唐筱芳)^1,2,3, Shuang-Xing Zhu(朱双兴)^3,†, Hao Liu(刘豪)³, Chen Zhang(章晨)³, Qi-Yi Wu(吴旗仪)³, Zi-Teng Liu(刘子腾)³, Jiao-Jiao Song(宋姣姣)³, Xiao Guo(郭晓)³, Yong-Song Wang(王永松)³, He Ma(马赫)⁴, Yin-Zou Zhao(赵尹陬)³, Fan-Ying Wu(邬钒颖)³, Shu-Yu Liu(刘姝妤)³, Kai-Hui Liu(刘开辉)⁴, Ya-Hua Yuan(袁亚华)³, Han Huang(黄寒)³, Jun He(何军)³, Wen Xu(徐文)¹, Hai-Yun Liu(刘海云)⁵, Yu-Xia Duan(段玉霞)³, and Jian-Qiao Meng(孟建桥)^3,‡

1 Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
2 University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
3 School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
4 State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
5 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

收稿日期:2021-08-20 修回日期:2021-10-11 接受日期:2021-10-18 出版日期:2022-02-22 发布日期:2022-02-24
通讯作者: Shuang-Xing Zhu, Jian-Qiao Meng E-mail:182211030@csu.edu.cn;jqmeng@csu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074436 and U1930116) and the Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University (Grant No. 2016CXS032).

Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe₂, TiSe₂, and TiS₂

1 Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
2 University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
3 School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
4 State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
5 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

Received:2021-08-20 Revised:2021-10-11 Accepted:2021-10-18 Online:2022-02-22 Published:2022-02-24
Contact: Shuang-Xing Zhu, Jian-Qiao Meng E-mail:182211030@csu.edu.cn;jqmeng@csu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074436 and U1930116) and the Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University (Grant No. 2016CXS032).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： High-quality large 1$T$ phase of Ti$X_2$ ($X ={\rm Te}$, Se, and S) single crystals have been grown by chemical vapor transport using iodine as a transport agent. The samples are characterized by compositional and structural analyses, and their properties are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Several phonon modes have been observed, including the widely reported $A_{1g}$ and $E_g$ modes, the rarely reported $E_u$ mode ($\sim$183 cm$^{-1}$ for TiTe$_2$, and $\sim$185 cm$^{-1}$ for TiS$_2$), and even the unexpected $K$ mode ($\sim$85 cm$^{-1}$) of TiTe$_2$. Most phonons harden with the decrease of temperature, except that the $K$ mode of TiTe$_2$ and the $E_u$ and "$A_{2u}$/Sh" modes of TiS$_2$ soften with the decrease of temperature. In addition, we also found phonon changes in TiSe$_2$ that may be related to charge density wave phase transition. Our results on Ti$X_2$ phonons will help to understand their charge density wave and superconductivity.

关键词: transition-metal dichalcogenides, chemical vapor transport, Raman, phonon

Abstract: High-quality large 1$T$ phase of Ti$X_2$ ($X ={\rm Te}$, Se, and S) single crystals have been grown by chemical vapor transport using iodine as a transport agent. The samples are characterized by compositional and structural analyses, and their properties are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Several phonon modes have been observed, including the widely reported $A_{1g}$ and $E_g$ modes, the rarely reported $E_u$ mode ($\sim$183 cm$^{-1}$ for TiTe$_2$, and $\sim$185 cm$^{-1}$ for TiS$_2$), and even the unexpected $K$ mode ($\sim$85 cm$^{-1}$) of TiTe$_2$. Most phonons harden with the decrease of temperature, except that the $K$ mode of TiTe$_2$ and the $E_u$ and "$A_{2u}$/Sh" modes of TiS$_2$ soften with the decrease of temperature. In addition, we also found phonon changes in TiSe$_2$ that may be related to charge density wave phase transition. Our results on Ti$X_2$ phonons will help to understand their charge density wave and superconductivity.

Key words: transition-metal dichalcogenides, chemical vapor transport, Raman, phonon

中图分类号: (Charge-density-wave systems)

71.45.Lr

63.20.D- (Phonon states and bands, normal modes, and phonon dispersion) 81.10.Bk (Growth from vapor)

Xiao-Fang Tang(唐筱芳), Shuang-Xing Zhu(朱双兴), Hao Liu(刘豪), Chen Zhang(章晨), Qi-Yi Wu(吴旗仪), Zi-Teng Liu(刘子腾), Jiao-Jiao Song(宋姣姣), Xiao Guo(郭晓), Yong-Song Wang(王永松), He Ma(马赫), Yin-Zou Zhao(赵尹陬), Fan-Ying Wu(邬钒颖), Shu-Yu Liu(刘姝妤), Kai-Hui Liu(刘开辉), Ya-Hua Yuan(袁亚华), Han Huang(黄寒), Jun He(何军), Wen Xu(徐文), Hai-Yun Liu(刘海云), Yu-Xia Duan(段玉霞), and Jian-Qiao Meng(孟建桥). Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe₂, TiSe₂, and TiS₂[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(3): 37103-037103.

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Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe₂, TiSe₂, and TiS₂

Growth, characterization, and Raman spectra of the 1T phases of TiTe₂, TiSe₂, and TiS₂

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