A new mixed subgrid-scale model for large eddy simulation of turbulent drag-reducing flows of viscoelastic fluids*
Li Feng-Chen†, Wang Lu, Cai Wei-Hua
       
(a) Turbulent kinetic energy spectrum; (b) PDF of ∂u / ∂x for the viscoelastic fluid flow at Wi = 0.34, β = 0.8.