Novel magnetic vortex nanorings/nanodiscs: Synthesis and theranostic applications

Liu Xiao-Li^a),^b), Yang Yong^a), Wu Jian-Peng^b), Zhang Yi-Fan^b), Fan Hai-Ming^b), Ding Jun†^a)

(a)–(c) Observed remanence states of the magnetite nanorings within the vortex region of the ground state phase diagram at β = (a) 0.4, (b) 0.6, (c) 0.8.^{[ 43 ]} Reprinted with permission from Ref. [ 43 ]; Copyright 2012, AIP Publishing, LLC. (d)–(e) Magnetic states during switching when field is parallel to nanorings^{[ 43 ]} and nanodisc^{[ 59 ]} The cartoons are schematic diagrams of the corresponding domain structures. The unit 1 Oe = 79.5775 A/m. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [ 43 ], copyright 2012, AIP Publishing, LLC. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [ 59 ], © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.