Extraordinary propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ab8371

Abstract In this paper, we design a one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network (1D APTSPROWN). Using the three-material network equation and the generalized Floquet-Bloch theorem, we investigate its photonic mode distribution, and observe weak extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points (WBPs) and strong extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points (SBPs). Then the transmission spectrum is obtained by using the three-material network equation and the generalized eigenfunction method. The 1D APTSPROWN is found to generate ultra-strong transmission near SBPs and ultra-weak transmission near WBPs and SBPs, with the maximal and minimal transmissions being 4.08×10¹² and 7.08×10^-52, respectively. The maximal transmission has the same order of magnitude as the best-reported result. It is not only because the distribution of photonic modes generated by the 1D APTSROWN results in the coupling resonance and anti-resonance, but also because the 1D APTSROWN composed of materials whose real parts of refractive indices are positive and negative has two kinds of phase effects, which results in the resonance and anti-resonance effects in the same kind of photonic modes. This demonstrates that the anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric optical waveguide networks are quite different, which leads to a more in-depth understanding of anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric structures. This work has the potential for paving a new approach to designing single photon emitters, optical amplifiers, and high-efficiency optical energy saver devices.

Keywords: waveguides optical materials metamaterials

Received: 21 January 2020
Revised: 22 February 2020
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	42.15.Eq	(Optical system design)
	42.25.Bs	(Wave propagation, transmission and absorption)
	42.82.Et	(Waveguides, couplers, and arrays)

Fund: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674107, 61475049, 11775083, 61875057, 61774062, and 61771205), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2015A030313374), and the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students' Scientifific and Techonlogical Innovation, China (Grant No. pdjhb0139).

Corresponding Authors: Xiang-Bo Yang
E-mail: xbyang@scnu.edu.cn

Cite this article:

Jie-Feng Xu(许杰锋), Xiang-Bo Yang(杨湘波), Hao-Han Chen(陈浩瀚), Zhan-Hong Lin(林展鸿) Extraordinary propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 064201

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Extraordinary propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network

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