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Chin. Phys. B, 2019, Vol. 28(2): 024302    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/28/2/024302
ELECTROMAGNETISM, OPTICS, ACOUSTICS, HEAT TRANSFER, CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AND FLUID DYNAMICS Prev   Next  

Ultrasonic backscatter characterization of cancellous bone using a general Nakagami statistical model

Chengcheng Liu(刘成成)1, Rui Dong(东蕊)1, Boyi Li(李博艺)2, Ying Li(李颖)2, Feng Xu(徐峰)2, Dean Ta(他得安)2,3, Weiqi Wang(王威琪)2
1 Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
2 Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
3 State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 China
Abstract  

The goal of this study is to analyze the statistics of the backscatter signal from bovine cancellous bone using a Nakagami model and to evaluate the feasibility of Nakagami-model parameters for cancellous bone characterization. Ultrasonic backscatter measurements were performed on 24 bovine cancellous bone specimens in vitro and the backscatter signals were compensated for the frequency-dependent attenuation prior to the envelope detection. The statistics of the backscatter envelope were modeled using the Nakagami distribution. Our results reveal that the backscatter envelope mainly followed pre-Rayleigh distributions, and the deviations of the backscatter envelope from Rayleigh distribution decreased with increasing bone density. The Nakagami shape parameter (i.e., m) was significantly correlated with bone densities (R=0.78-0.81, p<0.001) and trabecular microstructures (|R|=0.46-0.78, p<0.05). The scale parameter (i.e., Ω) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) also yielded significant correlations with bone density and structural features. Multiple linear regressions showed that bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was the main predictor of the Nakagami parameters, and microstructure produced significantly independent contribution to the prediction of Nakagami distribution parameters, explaining an additional 10.2% of the variance at most. The in vitro study showed that statistical parameters derived with Nakagami model might be useful for cancellous bone characterization, and statistical analysis has potential for ultrasonic backscatter bone evaluation.

Keywords:  ultrasonic backscatter      cancellous bone      statistical analysis      Nakagami model  
Received:  22 November 2018      Revised:  17 December 2018      Accepted manuscript online: 
PACS:  43.60.+d (Acoustic signal processing)  
  43.80.+p (Bioacoustics)  
  42.25.Fx (Diffraction and scattering)  
Fund: 

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11874289, 11827808, 11504057, 11525416, and 81601504) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

Corresponding Authors:  Dean Ta     E-mail:  tda@fudan.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Chengcheng Liu(刘成成), Rui Dong(东蕊), Boyi Li(李博艺), Ying Li(李颖), Feng Xu(徐峰), Dean Ta(他得安), Weiqi Wang(王威琪) Ultrasonic backscatter characterization of cancellous bone using a general Nakagami statistical model 2019 Chin. Phys. B 28 024302

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