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Chin. Phys. B, 2017, Vol. 26(4): 040302    DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/26/4/040302
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Experimentally testing Hardy's theorem on nonlocality with entangled mixed states

Dai-He Fan(樊代和)1, Mao-Chun Dai(戴茂春)1, Wei-Jie Guo(郭伟杰)1, Lian-Fu Wei(韦联福)1,2
1 Quantum Optoelectronics Laboratory, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;
2 State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Sun Yet-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Abstract  

Hardy's theorem on nonlocality has been verified by a series of experiments with two-qubit entangled pure states. However, in this paper we demonstrate the experimental test of the theorem by using the two-photon entangled mixed states. We first investigate the generic logic in Hardy's proof of nonlocality, which can be applied for arbitrary two-qubit mixed polarization entangled states and can be reduced naturally to the well-known logic tested successfully by the previous pure state experiments. Then, the optimized violations of locality for various experimental parameters are delivered by the numerical method. Finally, the logic argued above for testing Hardy's theorem on nonlocality is demonstrated experimentally by using the mixed entangled-photon pairs generated via pumping two type-I BBO crystals. Our experimental results shows that Hardy's proof of nonlocality can also be verified with two-qubit polarization entangled mixed states, with a violation of about 3.4 standard deviations.

Keywords:  Hardy'      s theorem      nonlocality      entangled mixed state      spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC)  
Received:  25 December 2016      Revised:  09 January 2017      Accepted manuscript online: 
PACS:  03.65.Ud (Entanglement and quantum nonlocality)  
  42.50.Xa (Optical tests of quantum theory)  
  42.65.Lm (Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons)  
Fund: 

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61308008 and U1330201).

Corresponding Authors:  Dai-He Fan     E-mail:  dhfan@swjtu.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Dai-He Fan(樊代和), Mao-Chun Dai(戴茂春), Wei-Jie Guo(郭伟杰), Lian-Fu Wei(韦联福) Experimentally testing Hardy's theorem on nonlocality with entangled mixed states 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 040302

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