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Moderate point: Balanced entropy and enthalpy contributions in soft matter |
| Baoji He(贺宝记)1,2, Yanting Wang(王延颋)1,2 |
1 CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract Various soft materials share some common features, such as significant entropic effect, large fluctuations, sensitivity to thermodynamic conditions, and mesoscopic characteristic spatial and temporal scales. However, no quantitative definitions have yet been provided for soft matter, and the intrinsic mechanisms leading to their common features are unclear. In this work, from the viewpoint of statistical mechanics, we show that soft matter works in the vicinity of a specific thermodynamic state named moderate point, at which entropy and enthalpy contributions among substates along a certain order parameter are well balanced or have a minimal difference. Around the moderate point, the order parameter fluctuation, the associated response function, and the spatial correlation length maximize, which explains the large fluctuation, the sensitivity to thermodynamic conditions, and mesoscopic spatial and temporal scales of soft matter, respectively. Possible applications to switching chemical bonds or allosteric biomachines determining their best working temperatures are also briefly discussed.
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Received: 01 January 2017
Revised: 13 February 2017
Accepted manuscript online:
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PACS:
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05.20.-y
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(Classical statistical mechanics)
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65.40.gd
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(Entropy)
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| Fund: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB932804) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11274319 and 11421063). |
Corresponding Authors:
Yanting Wang
E-mail: wangyt@itp.ac.cn
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Cite this article:
Baoji He(贺宝记), Yanting Wang(王延颋) Moderate point: Balanced entropy and enthalpy contributions in soft matter 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 030506
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