Surface states modulated exchange interaction in Bi2Se3/thulium iron garnet heterostructures

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/abbbdf

Abstract

We investigate the modulation of magnetic anisotropy of thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films by interfaced Bi₂Se₃ thin films. High quality epitaxial growth of Bi₂Se₃ films has been achieved by molecular beam epitaxy on TmIG films. By the method of ferromagnetic resonance, we find that the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of TmIG can be greatly strengthened by the adjacent Bi₂Se₃ layer. Moreover, the competition between topological surface states and thickness dependent bulk states of Bi₂Se₃ gives rise to the modulation of PMA of the Bi₂Se₃/TmIG heterostructures. The interfacial interaction can be attributed to the enhanced exchange coupling between Fe³⁺ ions of TmIG mediated by topological surface electrons of Bi₂Se₃.

Keywords: topological surface states interfacial exchange coupling perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Received: 12 August 2020
Revised: 16 September 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 28 September 2020

Fund: the National Key Basic Research Project of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0300600), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB33020300), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11604375 and 11874416).

Corresponding Authors: ^†Corresponding author. E-mail: hwzhao@iphy.ac.cn

Cite this article:

Hai-Bin Shi(石海滨), Li-Qin Yan(闫丽琴), Yang-Tao Su(苏仰涛), Li Wang(王力), Xin-Yu Cao(曹昕宇), Lin-Zhu Bi(毕林竹), Yang Meng(孟洋), Yang Sun(孙阳), and Hong-Wu Zhao(赵宏武) Surface states modulated exchange interaction in Bi₂Se₃/thulium iron garnet heterostructures 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 117302

Fig. 1.

(a) The 2θ–ω XRD scan of a TmIG (22 nm) film. (b) Hysteresis loop of a TmIG film (35 nm) with out-of-plane applied field. Inset: the in-plane hysteresis loop. (c) RHEED patterns of TmIG (12 nm), and (d) Bi₂Se₃ (8 nm)/TmIG (12 nm).

Fig. 2.

(a) FMR derivative absorption spectra of TmIG (12 nm), TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (6 nm), and TmIG (12 nm)/Pt (6 nm) with out-of-plane applied magnetic fields. (b) FMR spectra of TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (6 nm) as H is rotated from the film normal (θ_H = 0°) to in-plane (θ_H = 90°). (c) θ_H dependence of H_res for TmIG (12 nm),TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (6 nm), and TmIG (12 nm)/Pt (6 nm). The points are experimental data and the solid lines represent the theoretical fit. (d) The t_BS dependence of H_a for TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (t_BS) heterostructures. The upper and lower dashed lines show the H_a values of TmIG (12 nm) and TmIG (12 nm)/Pt (6 nm), respectively.

Fig. 3.

Temperature dependence of H_a for TmIG (12 nm), TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (6 nm), TmIG (12 nm)/Bi₂Se₃ (12 nm), and TmIG (12 nm)/Pt (6 nm), respectively.

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Surface states modulated exchange interaction in Bi2Se3/thulium iron garnet heterostructures

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Surface states modulated exchange interaction in Bi₂Se₃/thulium iron garnet heterostructures