Defect types and room temperature ferromagnetism in N-doped rutile TiO2 single crystals

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/23/6/067502

Abstract The magnetic properties and defect types of virgin and N-doped TiO₂ single crystals are probed by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and positron annihilation analysis (PAS). Upon N doping, a twofold enhancement of the saturation magnetization is observed. Apparently, this enhancement is not related to an increase in oxygen vacancy, rather to unpaired 3d electrons in Ti³⁺, arising from titanium vacancies and the replacement of O with N atoms in the rutile structure. The production of titanium vacancies can enhance the room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM), and substitution of O with N is the onset of ferromagnetism by inducing relatively strong ferromagnetic ordering.

Keywords: N doping titanium vacancies replacement of O with N atoms ferromagnetism

Received: 29 July 2013
Revised: 03 December 2013
Accepted manuscript online:

PACS:	75.50.Pp	(Magnetic semiconductors)
	71.55.-i	(Impurity and defect levels)
	75.20.Hr	(Local moment in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions)

Fund: Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61006066).

Corresponding Authors: Qin Xiu-Bo
E-mail: qinxb@ihep.ac.cn

Cite this article:

Qin Xiu-Bo (秦秀波), Li Dong-Xiang (李东翔), Li Rui-Qin (李瑞琴), Zhang Peng (张鹏), Li Yu-Xiao (李玉晓), Wang Bao-Yi (王宝义) Defect types and room temperature ferromagnetism in N-doped rutile TiO₂ single crystals 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 067502

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Defect types and room temperature ferromagnetism in N-doped rutile TiO2 single crystals

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Defect types and room temperature ferromagnetism in N-doped rutile TiO₂ single crystals