中国物理B ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 70512-070512.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/23/7/070512

所属专题: TOPICAL REVIEW — Statistical Physics and Complex Systems

• TOPICAL REVIEW—Statistical Physics and Complex Systems • 上一篇    下一篇

Nonequilibrium work equalities in isolated quantum systems

柳飞a, 欧阳钟灿b   

  1. a School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
    b Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-27 修回日期:2014-04-07 出版日期:2014-07-15 发布日期:2014-07-15
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174025).

Nonequilibrium work equalities in isolated quantum systems

Liu Fei (柳飞)a, Ouyang Zhong-Can (欧阳钟灿)b   

  1. a School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
    b Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
  • Received:2014-02-27 Revised:2014-04-07 Online:2014-07-15 Published:2014-07-15
  • Contact: Ouyang Zhong-Can E-mail:feiliu@buaa.edu.cn
  • About author:05.70.Ln; 05.30.-d
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174025).

摘要: We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities in isolated quantum Hamiltonian systems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some results are given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.

关键词: nonequilibrium isolated quantum systems, work equality, probability density function of quantum work, quantum Feynman-Kac formula

Abstract: We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities in isolated quantum Hamiltonian systems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some results are given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.

Key words: nonequilibrium isolated quantum systems, work equality, probability density function of quantum work, quantum Feynman-Kac formula

中图分类号:  (Nonequilibrium and irreversible thermodynamics)

  • 05.70.Ln
05.30.-d (Quantum statistical mechanics)